Which drug class does alcohol belong to?

Alcohol belongs to the class of depressants. This classification is based on its effects on the central nervous system. Depressants are substances that reduce neural activity and slow down bodily functions, which leads to effects such as decreased inhibitions, relaxation, drowsiness, and in higher doses, impaired motor function and cognitive processes.

Alcohol functions primarily by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which leads to increased inhibitory action in the brain. This results in sedation and a calming effect, which is characteristic of depressants. Understanding alcohol as a depressant helps in recognizing its potential for abuse and the importance of moderation in its consumption, especially in contexts such as dental practice where patient management and safety are crucial.