Which class of drugs is considered the first line of therapeutic agents for hypertension?

Diuretics are considered the first line of therapeutic agents for hypertension due to their efficacy and safety profile. They work by promoting the elimination of sodium and water from the body, which reduces blood volume and subsequently lowers blood pressure. This mechanism is particularly effective for many patients and has been the mainstay of hypertension management for several decades.

Thiazide diuretics, in particular, are commonly prescribed and have shown substantial benefits in reducing cardiovascular events in patients with high blood pressure. Their long-term use not only helps in managing hypertension but also contributes to a decrease in the incidence of stroke and heart disease.

While other classes of drugs, such as calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, and angiotensin II receptor blockers, are also effective and may be used in various situations or in combination therapy, they are generally not the first choice for most patients. The selection of these alternatives often involves patient-specific factors such as comorbidities, previous responses to treatment, and potential side effects. Thus, diuretics hold a prominent place as the initial treatment approach in controlling high blood pressure.