What medication class is linked to causing gingival hyperplasia?

Gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of gum tissue, is commonly associated with the use of calcium channel blockers. These medications are primarily used to manage conditions like hypertension and angina by relaxing blood vessels and improving blood flow.

Calcium channel blockers, such as nifedipine, amlodipine, and diltiazem, can cause gingival hyperplasia as a side effect due to their influence on fibroblast activity and the metabolism of gingival connective tissue. This results in an increased synthesis of collagen, leading to the proliferation of gum tissue.

Understanding this effect is important in dental care and patient management, as individuals on calcium channel blockers may require additional oral hygiene instructions and regular dental check-ups to manage their gum health effectively.