What is the main purpose of drug metabolism?

The main purpose of drug metabolism is to convert drugs into more active or less toxic forms. This process, primarily occurring in the liver, involves the chemical modification of pharmaceutical compounds. Metabolism can transform a drug into its active metabolites, which may exert therapeutic effects different from the parent compound, thereby enhancing the drug's efficacy. Conversely, metabolism often leads to the conversion of active drugs into inactive or less active forms, facilitating their excretion and minimizing toxicity.

By modifying the chemical structure of drugs, the body helps maintain homeostasis and prevents the accumulation of potentially harmful substances. This metabolic process is crucial for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medications as they interact with the body. The emphasis on converting drugs into less toxic forms highlights the body's adaptive mechanisms to manage foreign substances and maintain health.