What is a common side effect associated with corticosteroids?

Corticosteroids are a class of medications that mimic the effects of hormones produced by the adrenal glands, particularly during times of stress. One of the significant side effects associated with corticosteroid use is an increased risk for infections. This occurs because corticosteroids can suppress the immune system, decreasing the body’s ability to fight off pathogens. They achieve this by inhibiting the production and activity of various immune cells, leading to a diminished immune response. As a result, patients using corticosteroids are more susceptible to infections, which can lead to complications, especially in clinical settings or among individuals with preexisting health conditions.

The other options do not accurately represent common or expected effects of corticosteroids. Increased hair growth is not typically associated with corticosteroid use; in fact, some corticosteroids may even lead to hair loss in certain cases. Weight loss is generally not a direct effect of corticosteroids; instead, these medications often contribute to weight gain due to fluid retention and increased appetite. Improved healing is also not correct, as corticosteroids can actually impair healing processes by affecting inflammation and the immune response. Thus, the increased risk for infections aligns with the well-documented side effects seen in patients undergoing corticosteroid therapy.