What class of drug is often prescribed for anxiety and panic disorders?

Benzodiazepines are frequently prescribed for the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders due to their rapid anxiolytic effects. These medications work by enhancing the action of a neurotransmitter called gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which produces a calming effect. This action helps to reduce feelings of anxiety and panic quickly, making benzodiazepines particularly useful for acute episodes of anxiety. Their effectiveness in providing immediate relief is a key reason they are commonly utilized in clinical settings.

While beta-blockers, antidepressants, and antihistamines may have some utility in managing certain symptoms related to anxiety—such as physical manifestations like a racing heart or depressive symptoms—they do not primarily target anxiety and panic as effectively or rapidly as benzodiazepines do. Beta-blockers can help with the physical symptoms of anxiety but do not address the psychological aspects, while antidepressants typically take longer to show effects and are often used as a long-term management strategy for anxiety. Antihistamines may help with rest and sedation but are not specifically indicated for anxiety disorders.